A seasonal weather pattern, not the Middle East conflict, is behind the recent spike in popular fish prices, with supply fluctuations tied to breeding cycles and high operational costs

PETALING JAYA: The spike in prices of popular fish types in the first quarter of this year is not linked to the war in the Middle East, but rather a recurring seasonal phenomenon at the start of the year.

A fisherman from Seberang Perai in Penang said the hot weather affecting northern states during the early months has a direct impact on fish distribution at sea.

The fisherman, who identified himself as Jafri Salim, said fluctuations in supply are closely tied to changing weather patterns, particularly the transition between the dry and monsoon seasons.

“During the hot season, the sea conditions and water temperature affect fish breeding cycles. When the water is colder, fish eggs do not mature, so supply becomes limited.”

He explained that during the rainy season, conditions improve significantly as nutrient-rich elements such as plankton become more abundant in the water, creating a better environment for marine life.

“When it rains, the sea becomes richer with plankton, which serves as food for fish. That is when fish start to gather and breed more actively.”

Jafri added that larger species such as sharks, threadfin, croakers and snapper tend to move closer to coastal areas during spawning periods, contributing to higher catches when conditions are favourable.

“Fish come closer to shore to lay eggs, but they do not stay long. Once they spawn, they return to deeper waters. That is when we see more and better yields.”

However, he emphasised that overfishing, particularly of juvenile fish, poses a long-term threat to sustainability.

“If we keep catching small fish before they mature, they do not get the chance to reproduce. That is why supply could drop over time.”

Beyond environmental factors, he pointed to rising operational costs as another key challenge affecting fishermen.

“Fuel, equipment and maintenance costs are high. A commercial boat engine can cost over RM70,000 and it needs regular repairs due to heavy use,” he added.

He also said earnings from each fishing trip are divided among crew members and the boat owner, with extra portions allocated for maintaining equipment and covering operational expenses.

“If four of us go out to sea, the income is divided. One part goes to the boat and engine while the rest is shared among the crew and the owner.”

Jafri said despite the potential for profit during peak seasons, income is far from stable.

“When there are fish, we can make money. But when there is none, we still have to bear the costs. Sometimes after deducting fuel and expenses, there is very little left.”

He added that unpredictable weather conditions often force fishermen to stay ashore for safety reasons.

“When the winds are strong and waves are high, it is too dangerous to go out. Some have lost their lives at sea. Safety has to come first.”

Looking ahead, he said supply is expected to improve in the coming months as the monsoon season approaches, pleading with consumers to be understanding of the challenges faced by fishermen, noting that on some days, their catch does not even cover the cost of going out to sea.

“During this period, most coastal fishermen in Malaysia have to venture further than usual to secure their catch. As you know, there is no certainty in how much we will bring back. That is why many fishermen choose to take on odd jobs on land during this season.”

 The Sun Malaysia